The purpose of this chapter is to provide a short overview of factors that may be relevant to sentencing in trafficking cases. It should be remembered that the penalties provided for crimes will vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction and be based upon various legal traditions, jurisprudence, national practices and differing policy objectives. An awareness of these factors will assist practitioners in ensuring that the penalties which are imposed accurately reflect the gravity of the offence(s) committed and the impact that such crimes have on victims, their families and society more generally.