• Vocational training, occupational and educational opportunities
• Building community - family support and engagement
• Accessing opportunities for housing

Some of the greater challenges of drug treatment and rehabilitation strategies concern the interventions after treatment completion.  Claiming success as long-term abstinence clashes with the realities faced by ex drug abusers in terms of job opportunities, reintegration and restoration of dignity. Addressing patients' basic needs such as employment, housing and support after treatment completion should be a must for drug treatment providers.

On the other hand, treatment success is also faced with the fact that many ex drug abusers are unable to abstain in the long term and so there is need for ongoing care after treatment and targeted efforts at relapse prevention.

After care should be seen as an integral part of drug treatment and rehabilitation strategies in response to the concept of drug use as a chronic condition. Drug abuse treatment planners and providers should be actively involved in supporting drug treatment patients in their quest for housing and employment as means of securing the right path to reintegration.

Multidisciplinary approaches involving employers, finance sector specialists as well as communities could help develop longer-term alternatives to ex drug abusers after treatment completion. The promotion of self-employment together with microfinance schemes can be established within community services, building on community strengths and resources (e.g. employment agencies and vocational training services). Involvement of the family and community should be components of the support web for patients after completing treatment.