Afghanistan
Projects:
- HIV/AIDS prevention and care for Afghan refugee drug users
- HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment and care for female injecting drug users and female prisoners in Afghanistan
HIV/AIDS prevention and care for Afghan refugee drug users
Through this subregional project, UNODC aims to provide comprehensive HIV prevention and care services to Afghan refugees in Iran (Islamic Republic of) and Pakistan who use drugs and to former refugees who have returned to Afghanistan.
Timeline: March 2009 - 2011
Required funding: US$ 943,569
Background
There is a high rate of drug use among Afghan refugees in neighbouring countries and among returnees in Afghanistan. Injecting drug use is the main way in which HIV is transmitted in these populations and prevalence has been rising. The health consequences add to the hardships of displacement for individuals and families, as well as undermine prospects for successful reintegration.
Objectives
1. To strengthen the quality, access and use of HIV prevention and care services by registered Afghan refugees in the Islamic Republic of Iran, persons of concern to the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in Pakistan and returnees in Afghanistan.
2. To create an environment that supports a regional network of HIV prevention and care services across borders, encouraging continuation of services after voluntary repatriation of Afghan refugee drug users.
A comprehensive package
- Community-based outreach through peer-to-peer education
- Condom promotion and distribution
- Treatment of sexually transmitted infections
- Primary health care, including abscess management
- Needle and syringe programmes
- Opioid substitution therapy
- Antiretroviral therapy, drug dependence treatment, psychosocial services, testing and treatment for tuberculosis, hepatitis B and C
- Referral to voluntary HIV counselling and testing, antiretroviral therapy, drug dependence treatment, psychosocial services, as well as testing and treatment for tuberculosis and hepatitis C
Partnerships
The Governments of Afghanistan, Iran (Islamic Republic of) and Pakistan are signatories to the project. UNCHR and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) are our primary United Nations partner agencies. The International Organization for Migration and other non-governmental organizations implement the project.
Sites
In line with the strategy of the Government of Afghanistan and in order to complement the HIV/AIDS work of other organizations, the project targets sites in six provinces (see map): Kabul, Parwan, Baghlan, Ghazni, Jawzjan and Herat.
Funding arrangements
Project budget: US$ 1,888,569
Secured: 50 per cent
Donor: the Netherlands
HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment and care for female injecting drug users and female prisoners in Afghanistan
This is a subregional project for the provision of a comprehensive HIV prevention, treatment and care package to female injecting and non-injecting drug users (including those involved in sex work and spouses of male drug users) in the community and in prison settings.
Background

More than two decades of war, violence and poverty have had a severe impact on Afghan women. Afghanistan ranks as fourth and second lowest in terms of standards of living and gender disparity related to standard of living respectively. The life expectancy of women at birth is 44 years. Polydrug use is common among female drug users, especially the combined use of opium and pharmaceuticals. No data is available on the prevalence of HIV among women in Afghanistan and very limited information is known on women's drug use and other risky behaviour.
Project objectives
- Establish and strengthen comprehensive HIV service coverage to female injecting and non-injecting drug users in community and prison settings.
- Develop an enabling environment to provide gender-sensitive approaches to comprehensive HIV services.
A comprehensive package of services
- Needle and syringe programmes
- Referral for opioid substitution therapy and other drug dependence treatment
- Voluntary confidential counselling and testing
- Referral for antiretroviral therapy
- Treatment of sexual transmitted infections
- Provision of condoms
- Targeted information, education and communication
Partnerships
The Ministry of Public Health, the Ministry of Counter-Narcotics, the Ministry of Women's Affairs and the Ministry of Justice are the main partners in the Government. Non-governmental organizations implement the project.
Funding arrangements
Phase I: US$1,870,600 (fully funded)
Donor: Norway
Project duration: March 2008-March 2010
Phase II: US$1,300,000 shortfall
Services at communities (October 2008-December 2009)
| Counselling | N/S | Condom | Training | Treatment for sexually transmitted infections
|
Voluntary counseliing and testing
|
Primary health care |
| 3730 | 8791 | 13317 | 447 | 672 | 574 | 1975 |
Services at prisons for women (October 2008-December 2009)
| Counselling | N/S | Condom | Training | Treatment for sexually transmitted infections | Voluntary counseliing and testing | Primary health care |
| 3062 | 0 | 950 | 356 | 390 | 340 | 2202 |