It is estimated that 80% of the world's population suffers unnecessary pain due to limited or no access to controlled substances. Controlled medications are essential for treating pain experienced by millions of people suffering from advanced-stage cancer, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, surgical complications, or debilitating chronic illnesses and conditions, as well as neurological conditions, mental health disorders, pediatric medicine, and substance use disorders. However, they are also susceptible to diversion and non-medical use, leading to negative health and social consequences. As a result, countries must balance the two challenging requirements of public health needs: ensuring the availability of controlled substances while simultaneously preventing non-medical use and diversion.
