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Doha Declaration

Education for Justice

  • Home
    • E4J Global Dialogue Series December 2020
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    • E4J High Level Conference Vienna October 2019
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  • Secondary
    • Justice Accelerators
    • Model United Nations (MUN)
      • E4J MUN Resource Guide
        • Introduction
        • Crime Prevention & Criminal Justice
          • Corruption
          • Organized Crime
          • Firearms
          • Trafficking in Persons & Smuggling of Migrants
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          • Corruption
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          • Crime Prevention & Criminal Justice
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      • Zorbs Reloaded
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    • Videos
      • Anti-Corruption
        • Introduction
        • Developing a Rationale for Using the Video
        • Previewing the Anti-Corruption Video
        • Viewing the Video with a Purpose
        • Post-viewing Activities
        • Resources
      • Firearms Trafficking
        • Introduction
        • Developing a Rationale for Using the Video
        • Previewing the Firearms Video
        • Viewing the Video with a Purpose
        • Post-viewing Activities
        • Resources
      • Human Trafficking
        • Introduction
        • Rationale for Using the Video
        • Previewing the Human Trafficking Video
        • Viewing the Video with a Purpose
        • Post-viewing Activities
        • Resources
      • Organized Crime
        • Introduction
        • Rationale for Using the Video
        • Previewing the Organized Crime Video
        • Viewing the Video with a Purpose
        • Post-viewing Activities
        • Resources
      • Smuggling of Migrants
        • Introduction
        • Rationale for Using the Video
        • Previewing the Human Trafficking Video
        • Viewing the Video with a Purpose
        • Post-viewing Activities
        • Resources
      • Terrorism & Violent Extremism
        • Introduction
        • Rationale for Using the Video
        • Previewing the Video
        • Viewing the Video with a Purpose
        • Post-viewing Activities
        • Resources
    • Comics
    • Criminal Justice & Crime Prevention
    • Corruption & Integrity
    • Organized Crime
    • Cybercrime
    • Human Trafficking & Migrant Smuggling
    • Firearms Trafficking
    • Terrorism & Violent Extremism
    • UNODC-UNESCO Partnership for Global Citizenship Education
      • UNODC-UNESCO Guide for Policymakers
      • UNODC-UNESCO Handbooks for Teachers
  • Tertiary
    • Anti-Corruption
      • Module 1: What Is Corruption and Why Should We Care?
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Corruption - Baseline Definition
          • Effects of Corruption
          • Deeper Meanings of Corruption
          • Measuring Corruption
          • References
        • Exercises
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • Guidelines for Stand-Alone Course
        • Appendix: How Corruption Affects the SDGs
      • Module 2: Corruption and Good Governance
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • What is Governance?
          • What is Good Governance?
          • Corruption and Bad Governance
          • Governance Reforms and Anti-Corruption
          • References
        • Exercises
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • Guidelines for Stand-alone Course
      • Module 3: Corruption and Comparative Politics
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Types of Political Systems
          • Corruption and Democracy
          • Corruption and Authoritarian Systems
          • Hybrid Systems and Syndromes of Corruption
          • The Deep Democratization Approach
          • Political Parties and Political Finance
          • Political Institution-building as a Means to Counter Corruption
          • Conclusion
          • References
        • Exercises
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • Guidelines for Stand-alone Course
      • Module 4: Public Sector Corruption
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Manifestations and Consequences of Public Sector Corruption
          • Causes of Public Sector Corruption
          • Theories that Explain Corruption
          • Corruption in Public Procurement
          • Corruption in State-Owned Enterprises
          • Responses to Public Sector Corruption
          • Preventing Public Sector Corruption
          • Conclusion
          • References
        • Exercises
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • Guidelines for Stand-alone Course
      • Module 5: Private Sector Corruption
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Forms & Manifestations of Private Sector Corruption
          • Consequences of Private Sector Corruption
          • Causes of Private Sector Corruption
          • Responses to Private Sector Corruption
          • Preventing Private Sector Corruption
          • Collective Action & Public-Private Partnerships against Corruption
          • Conclusion
          • References
        • Exercises
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • Guidelines for Stand-alone Course
      • Module 6: Detecting and Investigating Corruption
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Transparency as a Precondition
          • Detection Mechanisms - Auditing and Reporting
          • Whistle-blowing Systems and Protections
          • Investigation of Corruption
          • Conclusion
          • References
        • Exercises
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • Guidelines for Stand-alone Course
      • Module 7: Corruption and Human Rights
        • Introduction and Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Brief background on the human rights system
          • Overview of the corruption-human rights nexus
          • Impact of corruption on specific human rights
          • Approaches to assessing the corruption-human rights nexus
          • Human-rights based approach
          • Conclusion
          • References
        • Exercises
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • Guidelines for Stand-alone Course
      • Module 8: Corruption and Gender
        • Introduction and Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Defining sex, gender and gender mainstreaming
          • Gender differences in corruption
          • Theories explaining the gender–corruption nexus
          • Gendered impacts of corruption
          • Anti-corruption and gender mainstreaming
          • Conclusion
          • References
        • Exercises
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • Guidelines for Stand-alone Course
      • Module 9: Corruption in Education
        • Introduction and Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Manifestations of corruption in education
          • Costs of corruption in education
          • Causes of corruption in education
          • Fighting corruption in education
          • Conclusion
          • References
        • Exercises
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • Guidelines for Stand-alone Course
      • Module 10: Citizen Participation in Anti-Corruption Efforts
        • Introduction and Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Core terms and concepts
          • The role of citizens in fighting corruption
          • The role, risks and challenges of CSOs fighting corruption
          • The role of the media in fighting corruption
          • Access to information: a condition for citizen participation
          • ICT as a tool for citizen participation in anti-corruption efforts
          • Government obligations to ensure citizen participation in anti-corruption efforts
          • Conclusion
          • References
        • Exercises
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • Guidelines for Stand-alone Course
    • Counter-Terrorism
      • Teaching Guide
      • Module 1: Introduction to International Terrorism
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Brief History of Terrorism
          • 19th Century Terrorism
          • League of Nations & Terrorism
          • United Nations & Terrorism
          • Terrorist Victimization
        • Exercises & Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • References
      • Module 2: Conditions Conducive to Spread of Terrorism
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Radicalization & Violent Extremism
          • Preventing & Countering Violent Extremism
          • Drivers of Violent Extremism
          • International Approaches to PVE &CVE
          • Regional & Multilateral Approaches
        • Exercises & Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • References
      • Module 3: International Counter-Terrorism Legal Framework
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Defining Rule of Law
          • UN Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy
          • International Cooperation & UN CT Strategy
          • Legal Sources & UN CT Strategy
          • Regional & National Approaches
          • International Legal Frameworks
          • International Human Rights Law
          • International Humanitarian Law
          • International Refugee Law
          • Current Challenges to International Legal Framework
        • Exercises & Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • References
      • Module 4: Criminal Justice Responses to Terrorism
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Defining Terrorism
          • Criminal Justice Responses
          • Treaty-based Crimes of Terrorism
          • Core International Crimes
          • International Courts and Tribunals
        • Exercises & Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • References
      • Module 5: Regional Counter-Terrorism Approaches
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • African Region
          • Inter-American Region
          • Asian Region
          • European Region
          • Middle East & Gulf Regions
        • Exercises & Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • References
      • Module 6: Military / Armed Conflict Approaches
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Core Principles of IHL
          • Categorization of Armed Conflict
          • Classification of Persons
          • IHL, Terrorism & Counter-Terrorism
          • Relationship between IHL & intern. human rights law
        • Exercises & Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • References
      • Module 7: Counter-Terrorism & Situations of Public Emergency
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Limitations Permitted by Human Rights Law
          • Derogation during Public Emergency
          • Examples of States of Emergency & Derogations
        • Exercises & Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • References
      • Module 8: Right to Life
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • International Human Rights Instruments
          • Regional Human Rights Instruments
          • International Humanitarian Law
          • Extra-territorial Application of Right to Life
          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Life
          • Death Penalty
          • Enforced Disappearances
          • Armed Conflict Context
        • Exercises & Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • References
      • Module 9: Prohibition against Torture et al.
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
          • Convention against Torture et al.
          • Regional Human Rights Instruments
          • International Humanitarian Law
        • Exercises & Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • References
      • Module 10: Arrest & Detention
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • International Legal Framework
          • International Human Rights Instruments
          • Regional Human Rights Instruments
          • Key Contemporary Issues
        • Exercises & Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • References
      • Module 11: Right to a Fair Trial
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • International Legal Framework
          • Regional Human Rights Instruments
          • Key Contemporary Issues
            • Investigative Phase
            • Trial & Sentencing Phase
          • Armed Conflict
        • Exercises & Case Studies
          • Exercises
          • Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • References
      • Module 12: Privacy, Investigative Techniques & Intelligence Gathering
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • International Legal Framework
          • Regional & National Approaches
          • Key Contemporary Issues
          • Special Investigative Techniques
          • Surveillance & Interception of Communications
          • Privacy & Intelligence Gathering in Armed Conflict
          • Accountability & Oversight of Intelligence Gathering
        • Exercises & Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • References
      • Module 13: Non-Discrimination & Fundamental Freedoms
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Principle of Non-Discrimination
          • Freedom of Religion
          • Freedom of Expression
          • Freedom of Assembly
          • Freedom of Association
          • Fundamental Freedoms
        • Exercises & Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • References
      • Module 14: Victims of Terrorism
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Definition of 'Victim'
          • Effects of Terrorism
          • Access to Justice
          • Recognition of the Victim
          • Legal Framework
            • Human Rights Instruments
            • International Human Rights Law
            • Regional Human Rights Instruments
            • Criminal Justice Mechanisms
            • Instruments for Victims of Terrorism
            • National Approaches
          • Key Challenges in Securing Reparation
        • Exercises & Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • References
      • Module 16: Linkages between Organized Crime and Terrorism
      • Module 15: Contemporary Issues of Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Topic 1. Contemporary issues relating to conditions conducive both to the spread of terrorism and the rule of law
          • Topic 2. Contemporary issues relating to the right to life
          • Topic 3. Contemporary issues relating to foreign terrorist fighters
          • Topic 4. Contemporary issues relating to non-discrimination and fundamental freedoms
        • Exercises & Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • References
    • Crime Prevention & Criminal Justice
      • Teaching Guide
        • Introduction
        • Overview of Modules
          • Thematic Areas
          • Content Breakdown
        • Module Adaptation & Design Guidelines
        • Teaching Methods
        • Conclusion
        • References
        • Acknowledgements
      • Module 1: United Nations Norms & Standards on Crime Prevention & Criminal Justice
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Key Terms
          • 1. Introducing United Nations Standards & Norms on CPCJ vis-à-vis International Law
          • 2. Scope of United Nations Standards & Norms on CPCJ
          • 3. United Nations Standards & Norms on CPCJ in Operation
          • Summary
          • References
        • Exercises
        • Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • Guidelines for Stand-alone Course
      • Module 2: Crime Prevention
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • 1. Definition of Crime Prevention
          • 2. Key Crime Prevention Typologies
          • 2. (cont.) Tonry & Farrington’s Typology
          • 3. Crime Problem-Solving Approaches
          • 4. What Works
          • Summary
          • References
        • Exercises
        • Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • Further Resources
          • United Nations Entities
          • Regional Crime Prevention Councils/Institutions
          • Key Clearinghouses
          • Systematic Reviews
        • Guidelines for Stand-Alone Course
      • Module 3: Access to Legal Aid in Criminal Proceedings
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Key Terms
          • 1. Introduction to International Standards & Norms
          • 2. Identifying the Need for Legal Aid
          • 3. Key Components of the Right of Access to Legal Aid
          • 4. Access to Legal Aid for Those with Specific Needs
          • 5. Models for Governing, Administering and Funding Legal Aid
          • 6. Models for Delivering Legal Aid Services
          • 7. Roles and Responsibilities of Legal Aid Providers
          • 8. Quality Assurance and Legal Aid Services
          • Summary
          • References
        • Exercises
        • Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • Guidelines for Stand-Alone Course
      • Module 4: Use of Force and Firearms
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • 1. Context for Use of Force by Law Enforcement Officials
          • 2. Legal Framework
          • 3. General Principles of Use of Force in Law Enforcement
          • 4. Use of Firearms
          • 5. Use of “Less-Lethal” Weapons
          • 6. Protection of Especially Vulnerable Groups
          • 7. Use of Force during Assemblies
          • Summary
          • References
        • Exercises
        • Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • Guidelines for Stand-Alone Course
      • Module 5: Police Accountability, Integrity and Oversight
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • 1. Policing in democracies & need for accountability, integrity, oversight
          • 2. Key mechanisms & actors in police accountability, oversight
          • 3. Crosscutting & contemporary issues in police accountability
          • Summary
          • References
        • Exercises
        • Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • Guidelines for Stand-alone Course
      • Module 6: Prison Reform
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • 1. Introducing Aims of Punishment, Imprisonment & Prison Reform
          • 2. Current Trends, Challenges & Human Rights
          • 3. Towards Humane Prisons & Alternative Sanctions
          • Summary
          • References
        • Exercises
        • Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • Guidelines for Stand-alone Course
      • Module 7: Alternatives to Imprisonment
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • 1. Aims and Significance of Alternatives to Imprisonment
          • 2. Justifying Punishment in the Community
          • 3. Pretrial Alternatives
          • 4. Post Trial Alternatives
          • 5. Evaluating Alternatives
          • Summary
          • References
        • Exercises
        • Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • Guidelines for Stand-Alone Course
      • Module 8: Restorative Justice
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • 1. Concept, Values and Origin of Restorative Justice
          • 2. Overview of Restorative Justice Processes
          • 3. How Cost Effective is Restorative Justice?
          • 4. Issues in Implementing Restorative Justice
          • Summary
          • References
        • Exercises
        • Case Studies
        • Possible Class Structure
        • Core Reading
        • Advanced Reading
        • Student Assessment
        • Additional Teaching Tools
        • Guidelines for Stand-Alone Course
      • Module 9: Gender in the Criminal Justice System
        • Introduction & Learning Outcomes
        • Key Issues
          • Key Terms
          • 1. Gender-Based Discrimination & Women in Conflict with the Law
          • 2. Vulnerabilities of Girls in Conflict with the Law
          • 3. Discrimination and Violence against LGBTI Individuals